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Capacitor Selection Overview Capacitors are used in almost every area of electronics. Although their basic operating principle is the same, they can perform many different functions depending on the circuit structure, signal type, frequency range, voltage level, and energy requirement. For this reason, capacitor selection is an important part of electronic circuit design. Selecting the correct capacitor type requires understanding both the electrical requirements of the app

TVS Diode Protection Overview TVS diode protection is widely used in electronic circuits to protect power lines, data lines, analog inputs, switching nodes, and sensitive semiconductor devices against short-duration voltage transients. High-amplitude noise, electromagnetic interference, electrostatic discharge, inductive load switching, and surge events can cause the voltage on a line to rise above the safe operating range of the connected circuit. If these voltage peaks ar

EMI and EMC PCB Layout Overview EMI, Electromagnetic Interference, and EMC, Electromagnetic Compatibility, are two important concepts in electronic hardware design. EMI and EMC PCB layout is one of the key design considerations for reducing unwanted electromagnetic emissions and improving immunity against external noise. A circuit may work correctly in a laboratory environment, but if it is sensitive to external electromagnetic noise or if it generates excessive electromagn